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陕北地区河川基流的时空演变规律

DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2015.07.0802, PP. 802-811

Keywords: 河川基流,趋势变化,周期波动,陕北地区

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Abstract:

陕北地区地下水关系复杂,且与地表水交换十分频繁,给区域水资源评价与利用提出了严峻的挑战。通过估算陕北风沙区高家堡水文站和黄土区高石崖、曹坪水文站的基流量过程,分析了各站基流序列与对应区域的面降水序列的演化趋势及变异驱动关系;研究了其多时间尺度变化特征。结果表明①风沙区地下水对径流补给量远大于黄土区;②不同地区的河川基流量均显著减少,主要受人类活动驱动;③各站基流量的周期及丰枯变化与其面降水量序列的周期变化在中小尺度上响应较为密切;④风沙区降水—径流关系较黄土区更为不稳定,原因在于其受到地下水蓄滞和侧向补给的影响更显著。在变化环境下的影响,风沙区水循环过程将更趋复杂多变,因此水资源评价中必须考虑地下水的影响。

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