1 Seibel M J. Molecular marker of bone turnover: Biochemical, technical and analytical aspects. Osteoporos Int, 2000, 6: 18–29
[2]
2 Hedges R E M. Bone diagenesis: An overview of processes. Archaeometry, 2002, 44: 319–328
[3]
4 Collins M J, Nielsen-Marsh C M, Hiller J, et al. The survival of organic matter in bone: A review. Archaeometry, 2002, 44: 383–394
[4]
5 DeNiro M J, Epstein S. Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1981, 45: 341–351
[5]
6 van der Merwe N J. Carbon isotopes, photosynthesis and archaeology. Am Sci, 1982, 70: 596–606
[6]
7 Ambrose S H, Norr L. Experimental evidence for the relationship of the carbon isotope ratios of whole diet and dietary protein to those of bone collagen and carbonate. In: Lambert J B, Grupe G, eds. Prehistoric Human Bone—Archaeology at the Molecular Level. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993. 1–37
[7]
15 Bowen G J. Isoscapes: Spatial pattern in isotopic biogeochemistry. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci, 2010, 38: 161–187
[8]
16 Hedges R E M, Richards M P, Stevens R. Bone as a stable isotope archive for local climatic information. Quat Sci Rev, 2004, 23: 959–965
[9]
17 Lee-Thorp J A. On isotopes and old bones. Archaeometry, 2008, 50: 925–950
[10]
18 Raya J S, Ramesh R. Rayleigh fractionation of stable isotopes from a multicomponent source. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 2000, 64: 299–306
[11]
27 Guo Y, Hu Y W, Zhu J Y, et al. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope evidence of human and pig diets at the Qinglongquan site. Sci China Earth Sci, 2011, 54: 519–527 [郭怡, 胡耀武, 朱俊英, 等. 青龙泉遗址人和猪骨的C、N稳定同位素分析. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2011, 41: 52–
[12]
28 Zhang G W, Hu Y W, Pei D M, et al. Stable isotopic analysis of human bones from the Northern Wei cemetery (in Chinese). Relics From South, 2010, 1: 127–131 [张国文, 胡耀武, 裴德明, 等. 大同南郊北魏墓群人骨的稳定同位素分析. 南方文物, 2010, 1: 127–
[13]
29 Chen X L, Yuan J, Hu Y W, et al. Preliminary discussion about livestock breeding strategy in Taosi site: Evidences from Carbon, Nitrogen stable isotopic analysis (in Chinese). Archaeology, 2012, 9: 75–82 [陈相龙, 袁靖, 胡耀武, 等. 陶寺遗址家畜饲养策略初探: 来自碳、氮稳定同位素的证据. 考古, 2012, 9: 75–
[14]
30 Hou L L, Wang N, Lü P, et al. Transition of human diets and agricul-tural economy in Shenmingpu site, Henan, from the Warring States to Han Dynasties. Sci China Earth Sci, 2012, 42: 1018–1025 [侯亮亮, 王宁, 吕鹏, 等. 申明铺遗址战国至两汉先民食物结构和农业经济的转变. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2012, 42: 1018–
[15]
31 Si Y, Li Z P, Hu Y W, et al. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopic analysis of animal bone collagen from erlitou site, Yangshi, Henan Province (in Chinese). Quat Sci, 2014, 34: 196–203 [司艺, 李志鹏, 胡耀武, 等. 河南偃师二里头遗址动物骨胶原的H、O稳定同位素分析. 第四纪研究, 2014, 34: 196–
[16]
32 Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Archaeology Department, History College, Zhengzhou University, Department of History, Nankai University. Excavation of Zhengzhou Xiaoshuangqiao site in 1995 (in Chinese). Huaxia Archaeol, 1996, 3: 1–23 [河南省文物考古研究所, 郑州大学文博学院考古系, 南开大学历史系博物馆学专业. 1995年郑州小双桥遗址发掘报告. 华夏考古, 1996, 3: 1–
[17]
33 Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. Zhengzhou Xiaoshuangqiao: 1990–2000 Archaeological Excavation Report (in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press, 2012. 1–87 [河南省文物考古研究所. 郑州小双桥: 1990~2000年考古发掘报告. 北京: 科学出版社, 2012. 1–
[18]
34 Jay M, Richards M P. Diet in the Iron Age cemetery population at Wetwang Slack, East Yorkshire, UK: Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope evidence. J Archaeol Sci, 2006, 33: 653–662
[19]
35 Ambrose S H. Preparation and characterization of bone and tooth collagen for isotopic analysis. J Archaeol Sci, 1990, 17: 431–451
[20]
37 Stemberg L O, Deniro M J, Johnson H B. Isotope ratios of cellulose from plants having different photosynthetic pathway. Plant Physiol, 1984, 74: 557–561
[21]
38 Bocherens H, Koch P L, Mariotti A, et al. Isotopic biogeochemistry (13C, 18O) of Mammalian enamel from African Pleistocene hominid sites. Palaios, 1996, 11: 306–318
[22]
39 Schulze E, Lohmeyer S, Giese W. Determination of 13C/12C-ratios in rumen produced methane and CO2 of cow, sheep and camels. Isot Environ Health Stud, 1984, 34: 75–79
[23]
49 Zhang X L, Qiu S H, Bo G C, et al. The Carbon, Nitrogen stable isotope analysis of human bone from Erlitou site and Taosi site (in Chin- ese). In: The Center for Scientific Archaeology (IA CASS), eds. Science for Archaeology, Vol 2. Beijing: Science Press, 2007. 41–48 [张雪莲, 仇士华, 薄官成, 等. 二里头遗址、陶寺遗址部分人骨13C, 15N分析. 见: 中国社会科学院考古研究所考古科技中心, 编. 科技考古(第二辑). 北京: 科学出版社, 2007. 41–
[24]
50 Hou L L, Zhao X P, Li S T, et al. Human subsistence strategy at Liuzhuang site, Henan, China during the proto-Shang culture by stable isotopic analysis. J Archaeol Sci, 2013, 40: 2344–2351
[25]
51 Zheng S H, Hou F G, Ni B L. Study on stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of atmospheric precipitation in China (in Chinese). Chin Sci Bull (Chin Ver), 1983, 13: 801–806 [郑淑蕙, 侯发高, 倪葆龄. 我国大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素研究. 科学通报, 1983, 13: 801–
[26]
52 Liu J D, Zhao Y C, Liu E K, et al. Discussion on the stable isotope time-space distribution law of China atmospheric precipitation (in Chinese). Site Invest Sci Technol, 1997, 3: 34–39 [刘进达, 赵迎昌, 刘恩凯, 等. 中国大气降水稳定同位素时-空分布规律探讨. 勘查科学技术, 1997, 3: 34–
[27]
46 Lanehart R E, Tykot R H, Fang H, et al. The stable isotope analysis of Longshan culture human bone from Liangchengzheng in Shandong (in Chinese). Archaeology, 2008, 8: 55–61 [Lanehart R E, Tykot H, 方辉, 等. 山东日照市两城镇遗址龙山文化先民食谱的稳定同位素分析. 考古, 2008, 8: 55–
[28]
47 Zhang X L, Qiu S H, Zhong J, et al. The Carbon, Nitrogen stable isotope analysis of human bone from Qianzhangda Cemetery (in Chinese). Archaeology, 2012, 9: 83–90 [张雪莲, 仇士华, 钟健, 等. 山东滕州市前掌大墓地出土人骨的碳、氮稳定同位素分析. 考古, 2012, 9: 83–
[29]
48 Zhang X L, Qiu S H, Zhong J, et al. Studies on diet of the ancient people of the Yangshao culture sites in the Central Plains (in Chinese). Acta Anthropol Sin, 2010, 29: 197–207 [张雪莲, 仇士华, 钟建, 等. 中原地区几处仰韶文化时期考古遗址的人类食物状况分析. 人类学学报, 2010, 29: 197–
[30]
53 Wang L X. The Early Shang Culture Research (in Chinese). Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1998. 144–146 [王立新. 早商文化研究. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1998. 144–
[31]
3 Trueman C N, Martill D M. The long-term survival of bone: The role of bioerosion. Archaeometry, 2002, 44: 371–382
[32]
8 Hu Y W, Richards M P, Liu W, et al. Application of bone chemistry analysis to the studies of hominin dietary evolution (in Chinese). Adv Earth Sci, 2008, 23: 228–235 [胡耀武, Richards M P, 刘武, 等. 骨化学分析在古人类食物结构演化研究中的应用. 地球科学进展, 2008, 23: 228–
[33]
9 Zhang X L, Wang J X, Xian Z Q, et al. Studies on ancient human diet (in Chinese). Archaeology, 2003, 2: 62–75 [张雪莲, 王金霞, 冼自强, 等. 古人类食物结构研究. 考古, 2003, 2: 62–
[34]
10 Karola K, Cheryl M, Noreen T. Stable oxygen (dδ18O) and hydrogen (dD) isotopes in ovicaprid dentinal collagen record seasonal variation. J Archaeol Sci, 2008, 35: 3159–3167
[35]
11 Christine D W, Michael W S, Hilary L Q, et al. Oxygen isotopes and the identification of geographical origins: The valley of Oaxaca versus the valley of Mexico. J Archaeol Sci, 1998, 25: 643–655
[36]
12 Wang Y S, Chen J S, Wang J, et al. Theoretical research on the relationship between deuterium and oxygen 18 in precipitation (in Chinese). Adv Water Sci, 2009, 20: 204–208 [王永森, 陈建生, 汪集, 等. 降水过程中氢氧稳定同位素理论关系研究. 水科学进展, 2009, 20: 204–
[37]
13 Craig H. Isotopic variations in meteoric waters. Science, 1961, 133: 1702–1703
[38]
14 Cormie A B, Luz B, Schwarcz H P. Relationship between the hydrongen and oxygen isotopes of deer bone and their use in the estimation of relative humidity. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1994, 58: 3439–3449
[39]
19 Sponheimer M, Lee-Thorp J A. Oxygen isotopes in enamel carbonate and their ecological and significance. J Archaeol Sci, 1999, 26: 723–728
[40]
20 Bryant J D, Philip N F. A model of oxygen isotope fractionation in body water of lager mammals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1995, 59: 4523–4537
[41]
21 Sjogren K G, Price T D. A complex Neolithic economy: Isotope evidence for the circulation of cattle and sheep in the TRB of western Sweden. J Archaeol Sci, 2013, 40: 690–704
[42]
22 Cai L Z, Qiu S H. The dδ13C measurements and palaeodiet research (in Chinese). Archaeology, 1984, 10: 949–955 [蔡莲珍, 仇士华. 碳十三测定和古代食谱研究. 考古, 1984, 10: 949–
[43]
23 Hu Y W, Yang X M, Wang C S. Review on ancient diet (in Chinese). In: Wang C S, Zuo J, eds. Collection of Essays in Archaeological Sciences, Vol 2. Hefei: Press of University of Science and Technology of China, 2000. 51–58 [胡耀武, 杨学明, 王昌燧. 古代人类食谱研究现状. 见: 王昌燧, 左键, 主编. 科技考古论丛(第二辑). 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2000. 51–
[44]
24 Hu Y W, He D L, Dong Y, et al. Stable isotopic analysis on human bones from the Xigongqiao site, Tengzhou, Shandong (in Chinese). Quat Sci, 2005, 25: 561–567 [胡耀武, 何德亮, 董豫, 等. 山东滕州西公桥遗址人骨的稳定同位素分析. 第四纪研究, 2005, 25: 561–
[45]
25 Wu X H, Chen T M. Application of biological and molecular-biological techniques to archaeological research (in Chinese). Sci Conserv Archaeol, 1999, 11: 45–52 [吴小红, 陈铁梅. 生物学和分子生物学在考古学研究中的应用. 文物保护与考古科学, 1999, 11: 45–
[46]
26 Zhang Q C, Zhu H, Hu Y W, et al. The diet analysis of ancient from Xindianzi cemetery of Helingeer county, Inner Mongolia (in Chinese). Cultural Relics, 2006, 1: 87–91 [张全超, 朱泓, 胡耀武, 等. 内蒙古和林格尔县新店子墓地古代居民的食谱分析. 文物, 2006, 1: 87–
[47]
36 DeNiro M J. Post-mortem preservation of alteration of in vivo bone collagen isotope ratios in relation to paleodietary reconstruction. Nature, 1985, 317: 806–809
[48]
40 Sternberg L S L. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios in plant cellulose: Mechanisms and applications. In: Rundel P W, ed. Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989. 121–142
[49]
41 The Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The Discoveries and Research of Yin Ruin (in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press, 1994. 334–336 [中国社会科学院考古研究所. 殷墟的发现与研究. 北京: 科学出版社, 1994. 334–
[50]
42 Pei X M. Discussion about the sacrificial relics of early Shang from Xiaoshuangqiao site (in Chinese). Cultural Relics Central China, 1996, 2: 4–8 [裴明相. 论郑州市小双桥商代前期祭祀遗存. 中原文物, 1996, 2: 4–
[51]
43 Ren X H. Yueshi culture from Xiaoshuangqiao site, Zhengzhou and Zhong Ding conquest Dong Yi (in Chinese). Cultural Relics Central China, 1997, 3: 111–115 [任相宏. 郑州小双桥出土的岳石文化石器与仲丁征蓝夷. 中原文物, 1997, 3: 111–
[52]
44 Li H F, Wang N. Preliminary discussion about Shang and Yi in Xiaoshuangqiao site (in Chinese). In: The Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, eds. Xia and Shang Capital and Culture, Vol 1. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press, 2014. 267–280 [李宏飞, 王宁. 试论小双桥遗址的商与夷. 见: 中国社会科学院考古研究所, 编. 夏商都邑与文化(一). 北京: 中国社会科学出版社, 2014. 267–
[53]
45 Hu Y W, He D L, Dong Y, et al. Stable isotopic analysis on human bones from the Xigongqiao site, Tengzhou, Shandong (in Chinese). Quat Sci, 2005, 25: 561–567 [胡耀武, 何德亮, 董豫, 等. 山东滕州西公桥遗址人骨的稳定同位素分析. 第四纪研究, 2005, 25: 561–
