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海南岛大气可降水量的时空分布特征研究

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0515, PP. 129-138

Keywords: 大气可降水量,EOF,水汽,海南岛,水汽含量

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Abstract:

利用1981-2010年ERA-I再分析资料和探空资料,分析了海南岛夏半季、冬半季平均大气可降水量(PW)的年际变化趋势、时空分布特征及影响因素。结果表明:海口和三亚月平均PW年变化均存在一个单峰结构,最高值(8月)与最低值(1月)的比值均大于1.8。冬夏半季PW差异值为18.1~20.0mm,夏半季和冬半季平均PW与海拔高度存在负相关,季节和五指山地形因素对PW空间分布有重要影响;夏半季和冬半季平均PW距平曲线正负极值所在年份分别与ElNi?o和LaNi?a事件年有比较明显的对应关系;EOF分析显示,夏半季和冬半季平均PW的第1模态空间分布均呈现全区域一致性负值分布,其时间系数正负值转变均发生于2003年,即大气可降水量呈现先减少后增加的趋势。

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