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地黄属植物的DNA条形码研究

DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2015.10025, PP. 25-32

Keywords: DNA条形码,地黄属,叶绿体DNA,核基因ITS片段,分辨率

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Abstract:

?地黄属(Rehmannia)为玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)药用植物,广泛分布于中国中东部及北部地区。由于地黄属植物经历了快速成种,导致其属内物种间形态性状差异较小,运用传统的形态学分类方法已难以准确地鉴定物种,近年来迅速发展起来的DNA条形码技术为快速、准确地鉴别物种提供了新思路。本研究选用3个叶绿体DNA非编码区片段(trnL-trnF、trnM-trnV和trnS-trnG)及核基因ITS片段,运用PWG-distance和Tree-Building两种方法对地黄属5个物种75个个体进行了DNA条形码分析。结果表明:单个叶绿体DNA片段或核基因ITS片段对地黄属物种的鉴别率较低(0%~20%),组合的叶绿体DNA片段分辨能力虽然高于单个DNA片段,但并不能将地黄属5个物种完全区分开;trnS-trnG+ITS片段组合的分辨率可达100%,能够将地黄属5个物种准确区分,与所有叶绿体DNA片段和核基因ITS片段组合(trnL-trnF+trnM-trnV+trnS-trnG+ITS)的辨别率相同,因此推荐trnS-trnG+ITS作为地黄属植物的标准条形码。此外,利用DNA条形码鉴别物种时,可采用叶绿体DNA片段和核DNA片段组合的方法来提高物种鉴定的成功率。

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