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湖泊科学  2015 

生源性湖泛水体主要含硫致臭物及其产生机制

DOI: 10.18307/2015.0404

Keywords: 湖泛,含硫氨基酸,蛋氨酸,挥发性硫化物,脱氨基作用,太湖,贡湖湾

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Abstract:

由水生生物残体诱发的湖泛发生过程中水体高浓度的含硫致臭物质对水生态安全以及人类健康造成严重危害,这些致臭物质的来源途径及其产生机制至今尚无详细报道.通过使用藻类、浮游动物、鱼类、底栖动物以及水生植物等多种生物残体进行了模拟实验,结果发现各类生物残体均能导致湖泛的发生,其中藻类残体中含有的大量含硫氨基酸导致水体挥发性有机硫化物浓度升高尤为突出.使用蛋氨酸作为前驱物质进行模拟实验发现,影响蛋氨酸降解的非生物因素主要为光照和厌氧条件,其中光照的影响更大.对蛋氨酸降解率与铵态氮浓度变化的关系进行研究后发现,无论有无生物作用二者均有显著的相关性,表明蛋氨酸降解的第一步应为发生脱氨基作用.对α-羟丁酸、α-酮丁酸和4-甲硫基-2-氧代丁酸等中间产物在体系中的变化进行研究后发现,4-甲硫基-2-氧代丁酸在体系中很难积累,而α-羟丁酸和α-酮丁酸则有较明显的累积过程,说明脱甲硫基作用可能在脱氨基作用后很短时间内发生,或二者同时发生,由此产生甲硫醇,甲硫醇再通过各种途径转化为二甲基硫醚、二甲基二硫醚、二甲基三硫醚以及硫化氢等.

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