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大气科学  2007 

2003年8~9月北京及周边地区云系微物理飞机探测研究

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2007.04.05

Keywords: 云微物理特征,飞机探测,谱分布

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Abstract:

对2003年8~9月北京及周边地区4次飞机探测结果,特别对资料较完整的8月15日的层积云(Sc)和9月4日的层状云(St)系进行了较详细的分析。结果表明,FSSP-100测量的小云粒子(云滴、冰晶)最大浓度的变化范围从Sc云的120cm-3到深厚高层云(As)的183cm-3,平均直径7.22~16.05μm。2D-GA2探头观测的冰粒子最大浓度变化范围从2.25×10-3cm-3到3.29×10-1cm-3。机载King热线液态水含量仪(King-LWC)的最大含水量变化范围为0.42~0.69g/m3。St云垂直和水平分布不均匀特性很明显,高空(-10℃层以上)有较大的小云粒子浓度,达到120cm-3以上,尺度也比较大,最大值为20μm。云中液态水含量随高度缓慢减小,基本处于0.1~0.2g/m3的范围。在-5.9~-8℃层,主要是柱状冰晶和少量结淞体,-8~-12℃层显示基本为结淞粒子,-20℃层左右表现出较多的枝状冰粒子。大冰粒子浓度基本在0.01~1L-1左右。Sc云和St云的平均谱存在明显的差异。Sc云系的大粒子不同层的平均谱很相似,为单峰分布,谱宽达到1500μm。越到云低层,云粒子浓度越低。St云系的大粒子不同层的谱分布差异比较大,云中在0~-8℃和-8~-12℃层,直径小于400μm的粒子谱型基本相似,大于400μm的大粒子谱分布差异较大,-8~-12℃层有明显的双峰分布特征,而0~-8℃呈现多峰特征,谱宽达到1300~1400μm。

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