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渤海湾西南岸古黄河三角洲全新世地层层序和演化过程

DOI: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2015.02.08, PP. 326-339

Keywords: 渤海湾西南岸,古黄河三角洲,地层层序,全新世

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Abstract:

对渤海湾西南岸6个钻透全新统的钻孔进行了详细的沉积学研究和年代测定,利用160个粒度和94个微体古生物样品共同确定沉积相,并利用22个泥炭的常规14C年代,依据层序地层学原理划分了全新世地层层序,恢复了演化过程.渤海湾西南岸全新世黄河三角洲地层主要包括海侵层序、高海面层序和加积层序,海侵层序包括滨海沼泽、滨海砂坝和下切河谷,时代为8.5kaB.P.至全新世底界;高海面层序下段西部为滨海湖沼和积水洼地等滨海相,东部为潮成沙脊、前三角洲和潮下带等海相,时代为7.6~8.5kaB.P.;高海面层序上段西部为河间洼地、沼泽和分支河道等泛滥平原相,东部为河口砂坝、潮间带和潮成沙脊,时代为3.0~7.1kaB.P.;加积层序主要为分支河道、决口扇和河间洼地等沉积相,时代为3.0kaB.P.至今.渤海湾西南岸在9.0kaB.P.开始受海水影响,形成滨海湖沼;7.1~7.6kaB.P.达到最大海侵,位于旧城和盐山之间;海岸线于5.6kaB.P.时位于黄骅苗庄贝壳堤一带,于3.0kaB.P.时位于YS4和NP3孔之间,于2.0kaB.P.时形成现今岸线.古黄河于8.5~9.0kaB.P.时经YS3孔和NP1孔入海;于7.6~8.5kaB.P.时经YS4和NP3孔入海,于1.9~2.6kaB.P.时经YS7和NP1孔入海.5.6~7.1kaB.P.时期,研究区为当时古黄河三角洲的侧翼,形成河口砂坝,废弃之后形成潮成沙脊和苗庄贝壳堤.1.9kaB.P.至今,黄河在研究区外侧入海.

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