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中国北方季风边缘区过去530年降水的时空变化及其驱动机制研究

DOI: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2015.05.14, PP. 1185-1193

Keywords: 中国北方季风边缘区,400mm等降水量线,年际-年代际变化,驱动机制

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Abstract:

中国北方季风边缘区位置的移动影响着整个西北地区的旱涝变化和生态建设的发展。树轮和历史文献记录可以为该地区过去几百年气候环境变化和季风变化提供重要的信息。本文选取了8条树轮序列结合31条中国历史文献记录和实测降水量资料,重建了中国北方地区近530年的年降水量演化特征,对比分析了不同特征时期400mm等降水量线空间位置的差异及其可能的驱动机制。结果表明,在年际尺度上,降水量最丰年400mm等降水量线位置都比近30年平均位置偏北,而干旱事件时期400mm等降水量线位置比近30年平均位置更偏南,且干旱时期的波动要比湿润年份的波动幅度更大;在年代际尺度上,最湿润10年和最干旱10年400mm等降水量线位置同样比最近30年偏北和偏南,但是其空间位置的变化没有年际尺度显著。研究区降水量空间位移变化主要是受北大西洋涛动(NAO)和厄尔尼诺南方涛动(ENSO)的影响。

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