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电子学报  2015 

异构众核系统及其编程模型与性能优化技术研究综述

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2015.01.018, PP. 111-119

Keywords: 异构众核系统,高性能计算,异构计算,编程模型,性能优化

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Abstract:

异构众核系统已成为当前高性能计算领域重要的发展趋势.针对异构众核系统,从架构、编程、所支持的应用三方面分析对比当前不同异构系统的特点,揭示了异构系统的发展趋势及异构系统相对于传统多核并行系统的优势;然后从编程模型和性能优化方面分析了异构系统存在的问题和面临的挑战,以及国内外研究现状,结合当前研究存在的问题和难点,探讨了该领域进一步深入的研究方向;同时对两种典型的异构众核系统CPU+GPU和CPU+MIC进行不同应用类型的Benchmark测试,验证了两种异构系统不同的应用特点,为用户选择具体异构系统提供参考,在此基础上提出将两种众核处理器(GPU和MIC)结合在一个计算节点内构成新型混合异构系统;该新型混合异构系统可以利用两种众核处理器不同的处理优势,协同处理具有不同应用特点的复杂应用,同时分析了在该混合异构系统下必须要研究和解决的关键问题;最后对异构众核系统面临的挑战和进一步的研究方向进行了总结和展望.

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