Several studies involving the family Verbenaceae, occurring in the Brazilian Cerrado, have emphasized the popular use of many aromatic species. We highlight the use of Lippia sidoides Cham., known as “alecrim pimenta,” native to northeastern Brazil and northern Minas Gerais. Leaves of this species were collected in antropized Brazilian Cerrado area, in Hidrolandia, Goiás, and their essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and thereafter analyzed GC/MS. Among the compounds identified in this study were the most abundant oxygenated monoterpenes, followed by sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons. The oxygenated monoterpene 1,8-cineole was the major constituent followed by isoborneol and bornyl acetate. The chemical composition of essential oil described in this paper differs from that described in the literature for L. sidoides found in its native environment, where the major constituents are thymol and carvacrol. 1. Introduction The knowledge of chemical constituents of essential oils is of fundamental importance to the pharmaceutical, food, and perfumery industries. As the use of aromatic compounds requires detailed chemical characterization and evaluation of possible modifications within their compositions, which are due to the different geographical origins and/or climatic conditions and various population genetics that can lead to the formation of different chemotypes [1, 2]. Various studies involving the Verbenaceae family have highlighted the importance of many species used within popular medicine by the presence of principle aromas [3–9]. It is worth noting that in this family, the species Lippia sidoides, popularly known as “alecrim-pimenta,” native to the northeastern region of Brazil and north of the state of Minas Gerais, is an aromatic species commonly used in the form of infusions and inhalations, allergic rhinitis, and in the treatment of vaginal, mouth, and throat infections [10]. Within the chemical components described of this species, thymol and carvacrol are major constituents of the essential oil [11–13], with a remarkable inhibitory activity regarding the development of microorganisms [14–17]. Moreover, the studies show variations in the concentration of thymol in different stages of the plant’s development [18]. This work aims to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of L. sidoides cultivated in an area of antropized cerrado in Hidrolandia, Goiás, Brazil. 2. Experimental The leaves of Lippia sidoides Cham. were collected from three plants grown in the municipality of Hidrolandia, Goiás,
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