Long-Term Surface Electrode Impedance Recordings Associated with Gliosis for a Closed-Loop Neurostimulation Device

Closed-loop neurostimulation is a novel alternative therapy for medically intractable focal epilepsy for patients who are not candidates for surgical resection of a seizure focus. Electrodes for this system can be implanted either within the brain parenchyma or in the subdural space. The electrodes then serve the dual role of detecting seizures and delivering an electrical signal aimed at aborting seizure activity. The Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS？) system (Neuropace, Mountain View, CA, USA) is an FDA-approved implantable device designed for this purpose