Training in the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery board certification system for expert surgeons during 225 consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomies

A board certification system has been established by the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery (JSHBPS) for certifying surgeons who can perform high-level hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgeries safely. The aim of this study was to compare operative outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy performed by trainees, board-certified instructors, and expert surgeons of JSHBPS to determine the efficacy of education of trainees and operative safety