否定之否定？从中外传播学术交流史上的3S说起
Negation of Negation? “3S”as Points of Entry in Historicizing Chinese Communication Scholarship in Relation to the Outside World

摘要 从达拉斯·思迈斯（Dallas Smythe）、威尔伯·施拉姆（Wilbur Schramm）和 丹·席勒（Dan Schiller）这三位以“S”开头的北美传播学者与中国的学术关系切入， 可以清楚看到西方“主流”和“批判”传播学术中的中国、传播学被引入中国的过程 与学术“本土化”讨论中的政治、以及更为宏观层面的全球资本主义体系内的中外传 播学术的知识社会学。而用跨文化传播政治经济研究框架来反思新闻与传播学术发展 本身的意义则在于，它在揭示中国马克思主义新闻学是如何在特定历史语境中与“西 方学术”碰撞与转型的同时，也让我们在“否定之否定”的辩证历史发展过程中看到 中国这样一个后革命国家在全球学术发展中的特殊历史资源、中外学术交流现实的多 重性、以及有中国社会主义主体性和世界意义的新学术范式产生的可能性。
Using the respective intellectual engagements of Dallas Smythe,Wilbur Schramm, and Dan Schiller (hence “3S”) with China from the 1970s to the present as points of entry, this article applies the transcultural political economy of communication framework to explicate both the transcultural and transnational knowledge/power dynamics between China and the West and the concomitant domestic academic politics in the development of Chinese communication scholarship. While demonstrating how mainstream American communication research as represented by Wilbur Schramm has had a profound impact in undermining China’s indigenous Marxist journalism scholarship and shaping the development of communication scholarship in the reform-era China, this article also recovers the “lost” history of Dallas Smythe’s research trips to China in the 1970s and underscores the signifcance of Dan Schiller’s ongoing critical analysis of a globalizing digital capitalism in which China is playing an increasingly important role. In demonstrating the “multiple realities” that have been constitutive of China’s academic exchanges with the West, this article argues for the continuing relevance of Dallas Symthe-inspired research questions regarding the possibility of developing a socialist knowledge/power paradigm as the only viable challenge against the universalizing pretensions and impositions of capitalistic development paradigm