SPATIAL REFLECTION OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION: URBANIZATION

The urbanization is defined as procreator that means increasing the number of cities results enlargement of cities in parallel with industrialization and economic development, it increasingly creates an organization, the division of labor and specialization, and it is a population accumulation. This process includes the economic, social and technological change. In 1800 only about 2 percent of the world’s population lived in urban areas. In only 200 years, the world’s urban population has grown from 2 percent to nearly 50 percent of all people. There are close relations between urbanization and economic development. In a balanced development process, urbanization is parallel to industrialization and it has a function to accelerate development. On the other hand, negative externalities in political, economic and environmental areas can be seen in unstable urbanization. In this process that is identified with developing countries, urbanization experience, distorted urbanization, adaptation problem, structural and social incompatible settlements etc. characterized by problems; environmental problems arise due to industrialization. The solution of these problems can be possible with the implementation of regulatory policies. The increased density of populations in urban areas led to structural change. It will be appropriate to interpret the changing composition of the city concept along time and the process of urbanization with the emphasis on structural change, immigration and induztrialization. Starting off from this perspective, this study explores structural change in world a coupled with the process of industrialisation and in relation to the economic development and the fact of the city. The growth in urban areas comes from both the increase in migration to the cities and the fertility of urban populations. Much of urban migration is driven by rural populations desire for the advantages that urban areas offer. Urban advantages include greater opportunities to receive education, health care, and services such as entertainment. Industrialization leads to urbanization by creating economic growth and job opportunities that draw people to cities. Cities have a progressively higher level of social, environmental and economic prosperity achieved through increased education, government intervention and social reform