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湛江徐闻县菠萝地有机氯农药污染特征及健康风险评价
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Abstract:
我国于1983年禁止有机氯生产和使用，经过多年的实践，仍能在土壤中检测出残留成分。为了分析湛江徐闻菠萝地土壤有机氯农药残留及风险状况，通过采集湛江徐闻县的曲界、前山和锦和镇三个镇共26个表层土壤样品，采用气相色谱法对土壤中20种有机氯农药进行检测，分析其含量状况和主要来源，并对菠萝地有机氯农药进行健康风险评价。结果表明，所检测的20种有机氯农药平均检出率为73%，平均值皆小于1 μg？kg？1；狄氏剂、六氯苯和p,p-滴滴伊等为主要污染物，残留含量平均值分别为0.08 μg？kg？1、0.07 μg？kg？1和0.033 μg？kg？1，p,p-滴滴滴、o,p-滴滴涕、γ-氯丹和硫丹II均小于0.015 μg？kg？1，其他12种有机氯农药均未检测出；来源分析表明，研究区DDTs主要来源于历史污染，HCHs主要来源于大气的干湿沉降；健康风险评价表明研究区OCPs对人体健康风险较低。本研究揭示徐闻菠萝地土壤有机氯污染现状，可以为徐闻县土壤污染防治工作提供依据和支持。
In 1983, the production and use of organochlorine was banned in China. After years of cultivation, the residual components of organochlorine pesticides were still detected in the soil. In order to analyze the residue and risk of organochlorine pesticides in pineapple fields in Xuwen County, Zhanjiang, we collected 26 surface soil samples from Qujie, Qianshan and Jinhe towns in Xuwen County, Zhanjiang, and detected the organochlorine pesticides in the soil by gas chromatography, so as to analyze the content and main sources of organochlorine pesticides and evaluate the health risk of pineapple fields. The results showed that the average detection rate of 20 organochlorine pesticides was 73%, and the average values were all less than 1 μg？kg？1. Dieldrin, HCB and p,p- DDE are the main pollutants, and the average residual content is 0.08 μg？kg？1, 0.07 μg？kg？1 and 0.033 μg？kg？1, respectively. p,p-DDD, o,p-DDT, gamma-chlordane and endosulfan II are all less than 0.015 μg？kg？1. The other 12 organochlorine pesticides have not been detected. Source analysis indicates that DDTs in the study area mainly come from historical pollution, and HCHs mainly come from dry and wet deposition in the atmosphere. Health risk assessment shows that OCPs in the study area have a low risk to human health. This study reveals the present situation of soil organochlorine pollution in pineapple fields in Xuwen County, and provides basis and support for its prevention and control.
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