不同材料桥墩防护装置性能对比研究
Comparative Study on the Performance of Bridge Pier Protective Devices Made of Different Materials

桥墩防护装置是船桥碰撞事故中一种最直接有效的安全防护措施，可以消耗掉撞击过程中强大的撞击力，以达到保护船舶和桥梁本体结构的目的。本文对工程应用中常用的橡胶材料、钢材料、复合材料三款防撞材料展开研究，从材料刚性、冲击力反应、防撞性能三个方面，分析对比了三种材料的优缺点。结果表明：适度降低防撞设施的刚度，根据实际选用防撞材料，可保证桥墩防护装置充分发挥其防护性能，保护桥墩本体结构且防撞装置受损情况最小。
Bridge pier protection device is the most direct and effective safety protection measure in ship bridge collision accidents, which can consume the strong impact force during the collision process to achieve the purpose of protecting the ship and bridge structure. This article conducts research on three commonly used anti-collision materials in engineering applications: rubber material, steel material, and composite material. From the perspectives of material rigidity, impact force response, and anti-collision performance, the advantages and disadvantages of these three materials are analyzed and compared. The results show that moderately reducing the stiffness of anti-collision facilities and selecting anti-collision materials according to actual conditions can ensure that the pier protection device fully exerts its protective performance, protect the structure of the bridge pier body and minimize damage to the anti-collision device.