“非遗学”视阈下年画艺术的审美转向及其困境与出路
The Aesthetic Turn of New Year Picture Art and Its Dilemma and Outlet under the Perspective of “Intangible Cultural Heritage”

年画艺术的当代活态变化，即“活态传承”问题，是非遗学理论关注的核心问题。现代社会的转型，导致年画艺术赖以生存与发展的环境发生变化，一种合乎历史逻辑的选择就是转向“美的艺术”。然其本质，实乃年画艺术在现代艺术“权力话语”下的一种自我规训。不但如此，这种转向还面临着两方面的困境：一是年画艺术要以追求个性与独创性来实现对传统的反拨；二是年画艺术理论言说的本身阙如，使得现代艺术世界无法将其纳入其中。在现代艺术世界中，艺术品身份的确立，不在于它的外显特征，而在于它引发的理论解释。故而，年画艺术进入现代艺术世界的关键，并不在于一味地趋同“美的艺术”，而是要努力建构年画艺术理论话语体系。
The contemporary dynamic change of New Year picture art, that is, the issue of “dynamic inher-itance”, is the core issue of non-heritage theory. The transformation of modern society has led to the change of the environment in which the art of New Year pictures survives and develops. A logical choice is to turn to “beautiful art”. However, its essence is a kind of self-discipline of New Year pic-ture art under the “power discourse” of modern art. Not only that, but this shift also faces two diffi-culties: First, the art of New Year pictures should pursue individuality and originality to realize the reversal of tradition; Second, the art theory of the New Year picture itself is lacking, making it im-possible for the modern art world to incorporate it. In the modern art world, the identity of a work of art is established not by its explicit features, but by the theoretical explanations it elicits. There-fore, the key for New Year picture art to enter the modern art world is not to blindly converge with “beautiful art”, but to strive to construct the theoretical discourse system of New Year picture art.