Epigenetic
changes are changes in gene expression by regulating gene transcription and
translation without changing the nucleotide sequence of the genome. Although
the genome itself changes during the occurrence and development of most
malignant tumors, recent studies have found that epigenetic changes also play
an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Epigenetic
modification mainly includes DNA methylation, histone modification and miRNA
regulation. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of epigenetic
modification in the occurrence, metastasis and invasion of hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), and summarizes the latest methods for the treatment of HCC by
restoring dysregulated epigenetic modification. It provides a theoretical basis
for revealing the pathogenesis of liver cancer and developing new methods of
diagnosis and treatment.
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