Functionalized graphene oxide (GO), known for its unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, has demonstrated significant potential in the realms of drug delivery and biomedical imaging. This review initially presents the chemical functionalization approaches for GO, including surface modification and doping techniques, which notably enhance its stability and functionality for biomedical applications. Subsequently, it delves into the applications of functionalized GO in drug delivery systems, especially highlighting its advantages in targeted and controlled drug release. Moreover, the article outlines the application of functionalized GO in biomedical imaging, emphasizing its effectiveness as a contrast agent in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and optical imaging. Finally, the challenges currently faced in these applications and potential future directions are discussed. By synthesizing existing literature, this paper aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the development of functionalized GO in these fields and to lay a theoretical foundation for further research and clinical trials.
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