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农业废弃生物质制备的生物炭在水净化应用的研究进展
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Abstract:
将可再生的农业废弃生物质制备成化学性质稳定的生物炭已经成为农业废弃物资源化的重要手段之一。生物炭是一种碳含量高的材料，具有离子交换能力强、比表面积大和结构稳定等优异特征。本文综述了生物炭的制备及改性方法，并对其在水净化领域中的应用进行总结和讨论。生物炭主要有水热、热解和焙烧三种制备法，常见的改性方法有物理法、化学法和生物法，可以通过设置制备和改性过程，为特定的生态环境应用进行定向的生物炭设计。生物炭已经在水净化方面有广泛的实际应用，同时也面临着各种各样的限制。综上所述，生物炭在生态环境中具有广阔的应用前景，其应用机理有待更深入的研究。
Converting renewable agricultural waste biomass into chemically stable biochar has become an important strategy for the reclamation of agricultural waste biomass. Biochar is a carbon material with high-level of carbon, has several excellent features such as high ion exchange capacity, large specific surface area and stable structure. This review summarized and discussed the preparation and modification methods, and its water purification application. The production of biochar included hydrothermal carbonization, pyrolysis and torrefaction; and the normal modification of biochar involved physical activation, chemical activation and biological method. The properties of biochar for special ecological environment application could be directedly designed to obtain the desired biochar. The utilization fields of agricultural waste-derived biochar included water purification, however, which is still a challenge. In summary, biochar has wide application prospect in ecological environment application, and the mechanism of biochar in ecological environment application should be further investigated.
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