促缝增效体积压裂技术研究与实践
Research and Practice of Anti-Pressure Channeling Fracturing Technology for Promote Fractures and Increase Efficiency

页岩、煤岩等非常规油气配套体积压裂2.0技术实现效益开发，因降本增效，丛式水平井平台的井间距减小到300 m左右，使得压窜问题频发，给生产带来了很多不利影响。为了在不降低压裂施工规模，不降低单井EUR的基础上，达到防治压窜目的，进行了促缝增效防压窜压裂技术研究。通过对压窜特征进行深入分析，找出了导致压窜发生最主要的原因，是压裂过程中受到断裂系统天然弱面、母子井压差驱动等牵引作用，形成了液流优势通道，单缝突进，从而窜通邻段或邻井。为此提出了促缝增效防压窜压裂技术思路，研发了具有不同性能优势的防压窜多种材料，根据不同压窜风险，设计不同的材料组合方式，形成了针对性地现场工艺实施方案。在川内页岩气现场进行了实验应用，取得了较好的防压窜效果。
The unconventional oil and gas matching volume fracturing 2.0 technology, such as shale and coal, has achieved beneficial development. Due to cost reduction and efficiency improvement, the well spacing of the cluster horizontal well platform has been reduced to about 300 meters, resulting in frequent pressure channeling problems and bringing many adverse effects to production. In order to achieve the goal of preventing and controlling pressure channeling without reducing the scale of fracturing construction and single well EUR, research on expanding and controlling fractures to prevent pressure channeling fracturing technology was carried out. Through in-depth analysis of the characteristics of pressure channeling, the main cause of pressure channeling has been identified, which is caused by the natural weak surface of the fracture system and the pressure difference between the mother and child wells during the fracturing process, forming a fluid flow advantage channel and a single fracture advancing, thereby channeling through adjacent sections or wells. To this end, the concept of expanding and controlling fractures to prevent pressure channeling and fracturing technology has been proposed, and various materials with different performance advantages have been developed to prevent pressure channeling. Based on different pressure channeling risks, different material combinations have been designed, forming targeted on-site process implementation plans. Experimental applications were conducted on shale gas sites in Sichuan, and good anti pressure channeling effects were achieved.