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Mine Engineering 2024
焦油重整中催化剂中毒失活研究进展
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Abstract:
焦油重整是有机固废热转化制氢过程中的关键环节，而其中的微量杂质会引起毒害作用，降低或消除催化剂的活性。因此，深入研究焦油重整过程中毒化物对催化剂的毒害机制，可为升高焦油转化率提供理论指导。本文通过对焦油重整技术研究现状分析，总结催化剂会引起S、N、Cl、金属和水蒸气中毒等5种情况，且多以毒物覆盖催化活性位点，防止催化反应发生的原因为主。为增强催化剂活性和寿命，对催化剂进行活性位点设计、表面修饰和制备方法改进等三方面的性能提升策略。在未来研究中，利用大数据、神经网络等方式深入探究焦油催化重整反应机理和催化剂新类型、制备方法，为催化剂工业化发展、焦油高效利用率提供理论参考和实际价值。
Tar reforming is a key link in the process of hydrogen production from thermal conversion of organic solid wastes, and the trace impurities in it can cause toxic effects and reduce or eliminate the activity of the catalyst. Therefore, an in-depth study of the poisoning mechanism of toxic compounds on catalysts in tar reforming process can provide theoretical guidance for increasing the tar conversion rate. In this paper, through the analysis of the current research status of tar reforming technology, we summarize that catalysts can cause S, N, Cl, metal and water vapour poisoning in five cases, and most of them are based on the reason that poisons cover the catalytic active sites and prevent the catalytic reaction from occurring. In order to enhance the catalyst activity and lifetime, the catalysts were subjected to a three-pronged performance enhancement strategy, including active site design, surface modification and preparation method improvement. In the future research, big data and neural networks are used to deeply investigate the tar catalytic reforming reaction mechanism and new types of catalysts and preparation methods, so as to provide theoretical references and practical values for the industrial development of catalysts and efficient tar conversion.
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