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纳米级二氧化钛的合成方法、应用以及改性处理的研究
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Abstract:
纳米二氧化钛在光催化、制氢方面等领域得到广泛应用。目前纳米二氧化钛合成方法包括气相合成法、溶胶–凝胶法、固体混合法和直接焙烧法等。这些方法在反应条件、温度、时间、原料选择和后处理等方面有所不同，影响着TiO2的粒径、形貌、晶相和光催化效率。在改善TiO2光催化性能方面，主要通过掺杂Ni、Co、Mn、C等元素调整TiO2的能带结构，促进电子–空穴对的分离；复合化可实现TiO2与其他材料的协同效应。此外，该综述还涉及二氧化钛改性对光催化性能的影响，以及TiO2在环境净化、水分解、抗菌和有机合成等领域的应用。
Nano titanium dioxide is widely used in photocatalysis, hydrogen production aspects and other fields. The current methods for the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles include gas-phase synthesis, sol-gel method, solid mixing method and direct roasting method. These methods differ in reaction conditions, temperature, time, raw material selection and post-treatment, which affect the particle size, morphology, crystalline phase and photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2. In improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO2, the energy band structure of TiO2 is mainly adjusted by doping Ni, Co, Mn, C and other elements, which promotes the separation of electron-hole pairs; and compositing can realize the synergistic effect between TiO2 and other materials. In addition, this review also covers the impact of titanium dioxide modification on photocatalytic performance, as well as the application of TiO2 in the fields of environmental purification, water splitting, antibacterial and organic synthesis.
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