Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality of medical students to identify the main factors that affect sleep patterns. Methods: According to the methodology, 154 students participated in the research, attending from the first to the sixth year of the course. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and the Epworth sleepiness scale were applied. Descriptive statistics techniques were applied and demonstrated in the form of tables and graphs. The comparison of variables was carried out using statistical tests. Results: The results showed that most students do not sleep very well. It was observed that 68.83% of a total of 106 students are bad sleepers. Conclusion: It is concluded that medical students sleep a low number of hours by period, which could interfere in impairment of attention, learning and memory formation, interfering in academic performance. On the other hand, they showed greater daytime sleepiness compared to the general population.
References
[1]
Ribeiro, F., Carvalho, E.W., Silva, C.A., Almada, L.C.L., Menezes, W.S. and Souza, J. (2020) Caracterização do sono e sonolência diurna em estudantes de medicina de uma universidade. Revista de Enfermagem da UFPI, 9, 1-6.
[2]
Leite, M.H. (2021) Qualidade do sono e fatores associados em universitários do Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Neurologia, 57, 9-15.
[3]
Medeiros, M.R.B., Figueiredo, J.F.L.M., Melo, L.O., Rossi-Barbosa, L.A.R. and Caldeira, A.P. (2021) Fatores associados à sonolência diurna em estudantes de medicina. Revista de Pesquisa, Cuidado é Fundamental, 13, 774-779. https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v13.9214
[4]
Siegel, J.M. (2001) The REM Sleep-Memory Consolidation Hypothesis. Science, 294, 1058-1063. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1063049
[5]
Diekelmann, S. and Born, J. (2010) The Memory Function of Sleep. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, 114-126. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2762
[6]
Yoo, S.S., Hu, P.T., Gujar, N., Jolesz, F.A. and Walker, M.P. (2007) A Deficit in the Ability to Form New Human Memories without Sleep. Nature Neuroscience, 10, 385-392. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1851
[7]
Silva, S.C. and Romão, M.F. (2018) Analise de perfil e de qualidade do sono: Estudo com acadêmicos de medicina do método de aprendizagem baseada em problemas. Revistas de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas, 17, 46-51. https://doi.org/10.9771/cmbio.v17i1.23688
[8]
Melo, J.B., Mello, S.T., Vidotti, A.P. and Mello, J.M. (2018) Cronotipo e qualidade do sono de acadêmicos do primeiro ano do curso de medicina da cidade de Maringá-PR. Revista Saúde e Pesquisa, 11, 287-292. https://doi.org/10.17765/1983-1870.2018v11n2p287-292
[9]
Spiegel, K., Knutson, K., Leproult, R., Tasali, E. and Cauter, E.V. (2005) Sleep Loss: A Novel Risk Factor for Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Applied Physiology, 99, 2008-2019. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00660.2005
[10]
Henriques, A.P.F.C.M. (2008) Caracterização do sono dos estudantes universitários do Instituto Superior Técnico. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina do Sono)—Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa.
[11]
Oliveira, A.L.C. (2010) Correlatos da qualidade de vida de estudantes universitários. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Clinica e da Saúde)—Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Fernando Pessoa.
[12]
Jaussent, I., Bouyer, J., Ancelin, M., Akbaraly, T., Pérès, K., Ritchie, K., Besset, A. and Dauvilliers, Y. (2011) Insomnia and Daytime Sleepiness Are Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly. Sleep, 34, 1103-1110. https://doi.org/10.5665/SLEEP.1170
[13]
Plantinga, L., Lee, K., Inker, L.A., Saran, R., Yee, J., Gillespie, B., Rolka, D., Saydah, S. and Powe, N.R. (2011) Association of Sleep-Related Problems with CKD in the United States, 2005-2008. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 58, 554-564. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.05.024
[14]
Quinhones, M.C. and Gomes, M.M. (2011) Sono no envelhecimento normal e patológico: Aspectos clínicos e fisiopatológicos. Revista Brasileira de Neurologia, 47, 31-42.
[15]
Cappuccio, F.P., Cooper, D., D’Elia, L., Strazzullo, P. and Miller, M.A. (2011) Sleep Duration Predicts Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. European Heart Journal, 32, 1484-1492. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr007
[16]
Gomes, A.C.A. (2005) Sono, sucesso acadêmico e bem-estar em estudantes universitários. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Educação)—Departamento de Ciências da Educação, Universidade de Aveiro.
[17]
Almondes, K.M. and Araújo, J.F. (2003) Padrão do ciclo sono-vigília e sua relaçäo com a ansiedade em estudantes universitários. Estudos de Psicologia (Natal), 8, 37-43. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-294X2003000100005
[18]
Schneider, M.L.M., Vasconcellos, D.C., Dantas, G., Levandovski, R., Caumo, W., Allebrandt, K.V., Doring, M. and Hidalgo, M.P. (2010) Morningness-Eveningness, Use of Stimulants, and Minor Psychiatric Disorders among Undergraduate Students. International Journal of Psychology, 46, 18-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2010.513414
[19]
Cardoso, H.C., Bueno, F.C.C., Mata, J.C., Alves, A.P.R., Jochims, I., Filho, I.H.R.V. and Hanna, M.M. (2009) Avaliação da qualidade do sono em estudantes de medicina. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 33, 349-55. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022009000300005
[20]
Sabbatini, M., Crispo, A., Pisani, A., Gallo, R., Cianciaruso, B., Fuiano, G., Federico, S. and Andreucci, V.E. (2005) Sleep Quality in Renal Transplant Patients: A Never Investigated Problem. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, 20, 194-198. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfh604
[21]
Zhao, C., Fukuda, K., Park, S., and Woodman, G.F. (2022) Even Affective Changes Induced by the Global Health Crisis Are Insufficient to Perturb the Hyper-Stability of Visual Long-Term Memory. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7, Article No. 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-022-00417-2
[22]
Johns, M.W. (1992) Reliability and Factor Analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep, 15, 376-381. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/15.4.376
[23]
Bertolazi, N.A., Fagondes, S.C., Hoff, L.S., Pedro, V.D., Barreto, S.S.M. and Johns, M.W. (2009) Validação da escala de sonolência de Epworth em português para uso no Brasil. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 35, 877-883. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132009000900009
[24]
Weaver, T.E. (2001) Outcome Measurement in Sleep Medicine Practice and Research. Part I: Assessment of Symptoms, Subjective and Objective Daytime Sleepiness, Health-Related Quality of Life and Functional Status. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 5, 103-128. https://doi.org/10.1053/smrv.2001.0152
[25]
Marshall, N.S., Barnes, M., Travier, N., Campbell, A.J., Pierce, R.J., McEvoy, R.D., Neill, A.M. and Gander, P.H. (2006) Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Reduces Daytime Sleepiness in Mild to Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Meta-Analysis. Thorax, 61, 430-434. https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2005.050583
[26]
Tufik, S. (2008) Medicina e biologia do sono. Manole.
[27]
Buysse, D.J., Reynolds, C.F., Monk, T.H., Berman, S.R. and Kupfer, D.J. (1989) The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A New Instrument for Psychiatric Practice and Research. Psychiatry Research, 28, 193-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
[28]
Bertolazi, N.A., Fagondes, S.C., Hoff, L.S., Dartora, E.G., Miozzo, I.C.S., Barba, M.E.F. and Barreto, S.S.M. (2011) Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Medicine, 12, 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.020
[29]
Ranjbaran, Z., Keefer, L., Farhadi, A., Stepanski, E., Sedghi, S. and Keshavarzian, A. (2007) Impact of Sleep Disturbances in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 22, 1748-1753. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04820.x
[30]
Mystakidou, K., Parpa, E., Tsilika, E., Pathiaki, M., Gennatas, K., Smyrniotis, V. and Vassiliou, I. (2007) The Relationship of Subjective Sleep Quality, Pain, and Quality of Life in Advanced Cancer Patients. Sleep, 30, 737-742. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/30.6.737
[31]
Johns, M.W. (2000) Sensitivity and Specificity of the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale: Failure of the MSLT as a Gold Standard. Journal of Sleep Research, 9, 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2869.2000.00177.x
[32]
Passos, M.H.P., Silva, H.A., Pitangui, A.C.R., Oliveira, V.M.A., Lima, A.S. and Araújo, R.C. (2017) Reliability and Validity of the Brazilian Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Adolescents. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português), 93, 200-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.08.010
[33]
Tsui, Y.Y. and Wing, Y.K. (2009) A Study on the Sleep Patterns and Problems of University Business Students in Hong Kong. Journal of American College Health, 58, 167-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448480903221418
[34]
Araujo, M.F.M., Lima, A.C.S., Alencar, A.M.P.G., Araújo, T.M., Fragoaso, L.V.C. and Damasceno, M.M.C. (2013) Avaliação da qualidade do sono de estudantes universitários de Fortaleza-CE. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem, 22, 352-360. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072013000200011
[35]
Pascotto, A.C. and Santos, B.R.M. (2013) Avaliação da qualidade do sono em estudantes de ciências da saúde. Journal of the Health Sciences Institute, 31, 306-310.
[36]
Medeiros, A.L.D., Lima, P.F., Almondes, K.M. and Junior, S.A.D. (2022) Hábitos de sono e desempenho em estudantes de medicina. RevistaSaúde, 16, 49-54.
[37]
Medeiros, A.L.D, Mendes, D.B.F., Lima, P.F. and Araujo, J.F. (2001) The Relationships between Sleep-Wake Cycle and Academic Performance in Medical Students. Biological Rhythm Research, 32, 263-270. https://doi.org/10.1076/brhm.32.2.263.1359
[38]
Furlani, R. and Ceolim, M.F. (2005) Padrões de sono de estudantes ingressantes na Graduação em Enfermagem. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 58, 320-324. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71672005000300013
[39]
Souza, J.C., Magna, L.A. and Reimão, R. (2002) Insomnia and Hypnotic Use in Campo Grande General Population, Brazil. Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria, 60, 702-707. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2002000500003
[40]
Nishino, S. and Mignot, E. (1999) Drug Treatment of Patients with Insomnia and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: Pharmacological Considerations. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 37, 305-330. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199937040-00003
[41]
Clegg-Kraynok, M.M., McBean, A.L. and Montgomery-Downs, H.E. (2011) Sleep Quality and Characteristics of College Students Who Use Prescription Psychostimulants Nonmedically. Sleep Medicine, 12, 598-602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2011.01.012
[42]
Ribeiro, C.R.F., Silva, Y.M.G.P. and Oliveira, S.M.C. (2014) The Impact of Sleep Quality in Medical Education. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de ClinicaMédica, 12, 8-14.
[43]
Rodrigues, R.N., Viegas, C.A.A., Silva A.A.A.A. and Tavares, P. (2002) Daytime Sleepiness and Academic Performance in Medical Students. Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria, 60, 6-11. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2002000100002
