Prediction of the temperature distribution of partially submersed umbilical cables

the objective of this work is to predict the temperature distribution of partially submersed umbilical cables under different operating and environmental conditions. the commercial code fluent？ was used to simulate the heat transfer and the air fluid flow of part of a vertical umbilical cable near the air-water interface. a free-convective three-dimensional turbulent flow in open-ended vertical annuli was solved. the influence of parameters such as the heat dissipating rate, wind velocity, air temperature and solar radiation was analyzed. the influence of the presence of a radiation shield consisting of a partially submersed cylindrical steel tube was also considered. the air flow and the buoyancydriven convective heat transfer in the annular region between the steel tube and the umbilical cable were calculated using the standard k-ε turbulence model. the radiative heat transfer between the umbilical external surface and the radiation shield was calculated using the discrete ordinates model. the results indicate that the influence of a hot environment and intense solar radiation may affect the umbilical cable performance in its dry portion.