Cáncer de próstata metastático

prostate cancer is one of the most frequent tumors in the industrialized countries. it accounts for 29% of male malignancies and 11% of male cancer deaths in the united states. surgery and radiation compose the standard management to treat the localized disease, and there are efficacious treatments for the metastatic disease. the aim of the standard treatment for metastatic prostate cancer is to eliminate the androgenic activity by medical or surgical means. androgen deprivation produces a diminution of psa, a regression of measurable tumor mass, and a period of clinical stability without observable tumor size changes, that are followed by the rise of psa, tumor proliferation and clinically detectable tumor regrowth. the first consideration when facing the adequate treatment of a possible hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer is to know if the testosterone level is in the castration range. if this can be asserted, it is necessary to decide between the several available treatment options, including second-line hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and clinical assay agents. for the first time, in 2004 a docetaxel-based chemotherapy program proved to prolong the lives of prostate cancer patients who had shown progression on hormone therapy.